Oracle19c在SQLPLUS中登录数据库遇到ORA-12541/ORA-01034/ORA-27101/ORA-01017相关报错，特此记录具体过程。
[oracle@DATABASE ~]$ sqlplus system/oracle@orcl
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 21 06:46:32 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect
descriptor
Enter user-name: system
Enter password:
ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 4376
Additional information: 1851074587
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
[oracle@DATABASE ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 21 06:47:25 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn / as sysdba
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
SQL> conn sys/oracle as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1577056040 bytes
Fixed Size 9135912 bytes
Variable Size 1056964608 bytes
Database Buffers 503316480 bytes
Redo Buffers 7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
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